Class 2 Environmental Studies
Learn about growing and changing, healthy habits, food, homes, families, neighbourhoods, community helpers, road safety, transport, communication, animals, plants, water, air, seasons, soil, waste management and kindness towards living things.
🌍 Class 2 EVS – 30 Learning Topics
Select any topic to start learning.
Growing and Changing as We Age
All living things grow and change. A baby grows into a child, and a child gradually grows into an adult. As we grow, our body, abilities and responsibilities change.
How Do We Change?
Children generally become taller as they grow.
Our body size changes as we develop.
Children lose baby teeth and permanent teeth begin to grow.
We learn new skills and understand more things.
We become able to do more activities independently.
We learn to take responsibility for simple tasks.
Name three things you can do now that you could not do when you were a baby.
Caring for Our Sense Organs
Our sense organs help us see, hear, smell, taste and feel. We should protect and care for them.
| Sense Organ | Sense | Care |
|---|---|---|
| 👀 Eyes | Sight | Read in suitable light and protect your eyes from injury. |
| 👂 Ears | Hearing | Avoid very loud sounds and never put objects inside the ears. |
| 👃 Nose | Smell | Keep it clean and never insert objects into it. |
| 👅 Tongue | Taste | Keep the mouth clean and practise good oral hygiene. |
| 🖐️ Skin | Touch | Keep skin clean and protect it from injury and excessive sun exposure. |
Which sense organ helps you hear music?
Which organ helps you see a rainbow?
Building Healthy Eating Habits
Healthy eating habits help children get the energy and nutrients needed for growth, learning and activity.
Include different nutritious foods.
Eat a variety of fruits and vegetables.
Drink safe water regularly.
Wash hands before eating.
Follow a sensible meal routine.
Take suitable portions and avoid wasting food.
Write down the foods you ate today. How many different food groups can you identify?
Sources of Food We Eat
Much of our food comes from plants and animals. Different foods come from different parts of plants and from different animal sources.
🌱 Foods from Plants
Rice
Wheat
Fruits
Vegetables
Pulses
Nuts and seeds
🐄 Foods from Animals
Milk
Eggs
Honey
Other animal-derived foods eaten in different diets
Which Plant Part Do We Eat?
| Food | Plant Part |
|---|---|
| Carrot | Root |
| Spinach | Leaf |
| Potato | Underground stem |
| Cauliflower | Flower structure |
| Peas | Seeds |
| Mango | Fruit |
Milk, rice, apple, egg, spinach and honey into plant or animal sources.
Understanding a Balanced Meal
A balanced meal contains a suitable variety of foods that provide the body with energy and essential nutrients.
Rice, roti, oats and other grains.
Different vegetables provide useful nutrients.
Include a variety of fruits.
Pulses, beans, eggs and other protein sources.
Milk, curd or suitable alternatives.
Safe water is important throughout the day.
Draw a plate containing several different nutritious foods.
Different Types of Houses
People live in different kinds of homes. The type of home can depend on climate, location, available materials, needs and resources.
A separate residential building.
A home within a larger building.
May be built using locally available materials.
Homes in cold or hilly areas may be designed for local conditions.
A boat designed or used as a home.
A portable shelter used for temporary living or camping.
What type of home do you live in?
Materials Used for Building Homes
Different materials are used to construct houses and other buildings. The materials used depend on design, climate, availability and purpose.
| Material | Possible Use |
|---|---|
| Brick | Walls |
| Wood | Doors, frames or structural uses |
| Glass | Windows |
| Steel | Structural support and reinforcement |
| Stone | Walls, floors or decorative construction |
Look at a building safely. Name three materials you can identify.
Family Relationships and Responsibilities
Families can have many different structures. Family members care for one another and often share responsibilities.
Relationships
Sharing Responsibilities
Everyone can help according to age and ability.
Family members may share safe food and table tasks.
Adults care for children and family members support one another.
Family members can encourage study and learning.
Celebrating Special Days Together
Families and communities celebrate different special days. These may include birthdays, festivals, national days, cultural events and family occasions.
Celebrate a person’s birthday.
Different communities celebrate different festivals.
Important days connected with our country.
Families may gather for special occasions.
Name one special day your family celebrates and describe one thing you do.
Understanding Our Neighbourhood
A neighbourhood is the area around our home. It includes people, homes, roads and different places or services nearby.
A Good Neighbourhood
- People respect one another.
- Shared spaces are kept clean.
- Road and safety rules are followed.
- People help when appropriate.
- Public property is treated with care.
Name three places you have seen in your neighbourhood.
Important Places Around Us
Provides education.
Provides medical care.
Supports law enforcement and public safety.
Supports fire and emergency response.
Provides postal services.
Provides financial services.
Provides access to books and information where available.
Provides green and recreational space.
Books → ______
Medical treatment → ______
Fire emergency → ______
Community Helpers and Their Work
Many people provide important services that help communities function.
| Community Helper | Work |
|---|---|
| 👩⚕️ Doctor | Provides medical care. |
| 👩🏫 Teacher | Helps students learn. |
| 👮 Police Officer | Helps enforce laws and support public safety. |
| 👨🚒 Firefighter | Responds to fires and other emergencies. |
| 📮 Postal Worker | Helps deliver mail and parcels. |
| 🌾 Farmer | Produces crops and other agricultural products. |
| 🧹 Sanitation Worker | Helps manage waste and cleanliness. |
Staying Safe on the Road
Roads are shared by pedestrians, cyclists and vehicles. Following road-safety rules helps reduce the risk of accidents.
Follow traffic lights and road signs.
Use designated pedestrian crossings where available.
Check traffic carefully before crossing with an adult.
Use suitable safety equipment and follow local rules.
Use the correct seat belt or child restraint.
Do not become distracted while crossing roads.
Traffic-Light Colours
Means of Land, Water and Air Transport
Transport moves people and goods from one place to another. We can classify many vehicles by where they travel.
🚗 Land Transport
Car
Bus
Train
Bicycle
Truck
🚢 Water Transport
Boat
Ship
Ferry
✈️ Air Transport
Aeroplane
Helicopter
Train, ship, helicopter, bus, boat and aeroplane.
Different Ways We Communicate
Communication means sharing information, ideas, thoughts or feelings. People communicate in many ways.
Talking face to face.
Sending written messages.
Talking to someone at a distance.
Sending messages using digital devices and services.
Shares information and programmes with many people.
Provide printed news and information.
Domestic and Wild Animals
Animals live in many different environments. Some animals have been domesticated and live under human care, while wild animals normally live independently in natural habitats.
🐄 Domestic Animals
Cow
Dog
Goat
Sheep
Horse
🦁 Wild Animals
Lion
Tiger
Elephant
Deer
Bear
Dog, tiger, goat, lion, cow and deer.
Homes of Different Animals
Animals live in places that provide suitable shelter and protection. Some animals make their own shelters while others use natural spaces or shelters provided by people.
| Animal | Home / Shelter |
|---|---|
| 🐦 Bird | Nest for many species |
| 🐕 Dog | Kennel may be provided |
| 🐄 Cow | Cowshed |
| 🐎 Horse | Stable |
| 🐝 Honey bee | Hive / colony nest |
| 🦁 Lion | Natural shelter within its habitat |
| 🐇 Rabbit | Burrow for many wild rabbits |
Horse → ______
Cow → ______
Bird → ______
Food Habits of Animals
Different animals eat different kinds of food. One simple way to group animals is by what they mainly eat.
🌿 Herbivores
Eat mainly plants.
Examples: cow, deer, rabbit.
🥩 Carnivores
Eat mainly other animals.
Examples: lion, tiger.
🌿🍽️ Omnivores
Eat both plant and animal foods.
Examples: humans, bears, crows.
Carnivore → mainly animals
Omnivore → both plant and animal foods
Cow, tiger, bear, rabbit and lion.
Young Ones of Animals
Many animals have special names for their young ones.
| Animal | Young One |
|---|---|
| 🐄 Cow | Calf |
| 🐕 Dog | Puppy |
| 🐈 Cat | Kitten |
| 🐐 Goat | Kid |
| 🐎 Horse | Foal |
| 🐑 Sheep | Lamb |
| 🐔 Chicken | Chick |
| 🦆 Duck | Duckling |
| 🦁 Lion | Cub |
A young dog is a ______.
A young cat is a ______.
A young cow is a ______.
Trees, Shrubs, Herbs and Climbers
Plants differ in size, stem structure and growth pattern. At an elementary level, we can group many plants as trees, shrubs, herbs, climbers and creepers.
| Type | Simple Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| 🌳 Tree | Usually tall with a strong woody trunk | Mango |
| 🌿 Shrub | Woody plant with several stems near the ground | Rose |
| 🌱 Herb | Usually smaller with a soft stem | Mint |
| 🍇 Climber | Needs or uses support to grow upward | Grapevine |
| 🎃 Creeper | Spreads along the ground | Pumpkin |
Mango tree → ______
Rose → ______
Mint → ______
What Plants Need to Grow
Plants need suitable conditions to grow. Their exact needs vary, but most plants require water, air, light, nutrients and suitable temperature conditions.
Provides energy for photosynthesis.
Needed for many plant processes.
Plants exchange gases with the air.
Plants obtain mineral nutrients, often from soil.
Plants grow best within suitable temperature ranges.
With adult guidance, grow a small plant and observe changes over several days.
Useful Things We Get from Plants
Plants provide people and other living things with many useful materials and resources.
Fruits, vegetables, grains, pulses, nuts and seeds.
Used for many products and building purposes.
Cotton and some other fibres come from plants.
Some medicines contain substances originally obtained from plants.
Many cooking and other oils come from plant sources.
Used for decoration, fragrance and other purposes.
Name four useful things we obtain from plants.
Saving Water in Daily Life
Fresh water is an important resource. Using water carefully helps reduce unnecessary waste.
Turn off taps when water is not needed.
Do not leave water running unnecessarily.
Use only as much water as needed for a task.
Tell an adult if you notice a leaking tap.
Avoid overwatering.
Some clean leftover water can be reused for suitable purposes under adult guidance.
I will save water by ______________________________.
Why Living Things Need Air
Air is a mixture of gases surrounding Earth. Living things depend on gases in the air in different ways.
🧒 Humans
Humans need oxygen for respiration.
🐕 Animals
Animals also use oxygen for respiration.
🌱 Plants
Plants exchange gases with the air and use carbon dioxide during photosynthesis.
Which gas in the air do humans use for respiration?
Understanding Seasons
A season is a part of the year with characteristic weather patterns. The seasons experienced and their timing differ across regions.
Often associated with warmer weather.
Some regions receive much of their rainfall during a monsoon season.
Often associated with cooler or colder weather.
In many climates, temperatures become milder and plants show new growth.
In some climates, temperatures cool and many deciduous trees lose leaves.
What season or seasonal period are you studying right now?
Choosing Clothes for Different Seasons
Clothes help protect us from environmental conditions. We choose clothes according to temperature, rain, activity and comfort.
| Condition | Suitable Clothing Examples |
|---|---|
| ☀️ Hot Weather | Light, breathable and comfortable clothing |
| ❄️ Cold Weather | Layers, sweaters, jackets and other warm clothing |
| 🌧️ Rain | Raincoat, waterproof outerwear and suitable footwear |
Which would you choose during heavy rain: raincoat or woollen sweater?
Introduction to Soil
Soil covers much of Earth’s land surface. It contains mineral particles, organic matter, air, water and living organisms.
Soil Can Contain
Why Is Soil Important?
- Many plants grow in soil.
- Many organisms live in or on soil.
- Soil stores water and nutrients.
- People use soil and soil materials in agriculture and construction.
With adult guidance, look at a small soil sample. Can you see tiny stones, plant material or other particles? Wash your hands afterward.
Reducing Household Waste
Homes produce different kinds of waste. We can reduce waste by using resources carefully and following suitable local waste-management practices.
⬇️ Reduce
Use fewer unnecessary items and avoid waste.
🔄 Reuse
Use safe items again when appropriate.
♻️ Recycle
Send suitable materials for recycling where local facilities accept them.
Examples
Use both sides where appropriate.
Reuse durable bags.
Reuse clean boxes for storage or crafts.
Take sensible portions to reduce food waste.
Caring for Public Places
Public places are shared spaces used by many people. Parks, roads, libraries, bus stops and other community facilities should be treated with care.
Do not leave litter behind.
Do not damage plants or trees.
Do not damage benches, signs or other public property.
Treat shared books and resources properly.
Use shared facilities responsibly.
Remember that public places belong to the whole community.
Write three rules you would follow in a public park.
Being Kind to Living Things
Plants, animals and people are living things. Kindness means treating living things with care and avoiding unnecessary harm.
Never tease or deliberately hurt animals.
Do not damage plants unnecessarily.
Pets need suitable food, clean water, shelter and responsible care.
Observe wild animals without disturbing them.
Be kind and helpful to others.
Keep natural and shared spaces clean.
💚 My Kindness Promise
I will be kind to people, plants and animals. I will care for nature, avoid harming living things and help keep my surroundings clean.
🌍 Class 2 EVS – Quick Revision
Review the most important ideas from all 30 topics.
Living things grow and change.
Care for your sense organs.
Choose a variety of nutritious foods.
Foods can come from plants and animals.
Include a variety of food groups.
Homes differ according to needs and environment.
Families share care and responsibilities.
Our local area contains people and places.
Community helpers provide useful services.
Follow traffic and pedestrian rules.
Transport can travel by land, water or air.
We communicate in many different ways.
Animals differ in habitat and food habits.
Many young animals have special names.
Plants include trees, shrubs, herbs and climbers.
Plants need suitable growing conditions.
Use water carefully.
Living things depend on gases in air.
Seasonal patterns vary by region.
Soil supports many plants and organisms.
Reduce, reuse and recycle appropriately.
Care for living things and shared spaces.
📝 Check Your Learning
Answer these Class 2 Environmental Studies questions.
Name two ways children change as they grow.
How can we care for our eyes?
Name three healthy eating habits.
Name two foods obtained from plants.
What is meant by a balanced meal?
Name three types of homes.
Name three materials used to build homes.
Why should family members share responsibilities?
What is a neighbourhood?
Name three community helpers.
Write two road-safety rules.
Name one land, water and air vehicle.
Name three methods of communication.
What is the difference between domestic and wild animals?
What is the home of a horse called?
What is a herbivore?
What is a young goat called?
What is the difference between a tree and a herb?
Name four things plants need to grow.
Name four useful things obtained from plants.
Write two ways to save water.
Why do humans need oxygen?
Name three seasons or seasonal periods.
Why do we wear different clothes in different weather?
What is soil?
What do Reduce, Reuse and Recycle mean?
Write two ways to care for public places.
Write two ways to show kindness to living things.
Excellent! Class 2 EVS Completed
You explored 30 Environmental Studies topics covering health, food, homes, families, communities, safety, transport, communication, animals, plants, natural resources and environmental responsibility.
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